INTERVAL

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Warning:
CockroachDB v2.0 is no longer supported. For more details, see the Release Support Policy.

The INTERVAL data type stores a value that represents a span of time.

Syntax

A constant value of type INTERVAL can be expressed using an interpreted literal, or a string literal annotated with type INTERVAL or coerced to type INTERVAL.

INTERVAL constants can be expressed using the following formats:

Format Description
SQL Standard INTERVAL 'Y-M D H:M:S'

Y-M D: Using a single value defines days only; using two values defines years and months. Values must be integers.

H:M:S: Using a single value defines seconds only; using two values defines hours and minutes. Values can be integers or floats.

Note that each side is optional.
ISO 8601 INTERVAL 'P1Y2M3DT4H5M6S'
Traditional PostgreSQL INTERVAL '1 year 2 months 3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6 seconds'
Golang INTERVAL '1h2m3s4ms5us6ns'

Note that ms is milliseconds, us is microseconds, and ns is nanoseconds. Also, all fields support both integers and floats.

CockroachDB also supports using uninterpreted string literals in contexts where a INTERVAL value is otherwise expected.

Intervals are stored internally as months, days, and nanoseconds.

Size

An INTERVAL column supports values up to 24 bytes in width, but the total storage size is likely to be larger due to CockroachDB metadata.

Example

> CREATE TABLE intervals (a INT PRIMARY KEY, b INTERVAL);
CREATE TABLE
> SHOW COLUMNS FROM intervals;
+-------+----------+-------+---------+
| Field |   Type   | Null  | Default |
+-------+----------+-------+---------+
| a     | INT      | false | NULL    |
| b     | INTERVAL | true  | NULL    |
+-------+----------+-------+---------+
> INSERT INTO intervals VALUES
  (1, INTERVAL '1h2m3s4ms5us6ns'),
  (2, INTERVAL '1 year 2 months 3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6 seconds'),
  (3, INTERVAL '1-2 3 4:5:6');
INSERT 3
> SELECT * FROM intervals;
+---+------------------+
| a |        b         |
+---+------------------+
| 1 | 1h2m3.004005006s |
| 2 | 14m3d4h5m6s      |
| 3 | 14m3d4h5m6s      |
+---+------------------+
(3 rows)

Supported Casting & Conversion

INTERVAL values can be cast to any of the following data types:

Type Details
INT Converts to number of seconds (second precision)
DECIMAL Converts to number of seconds (nanosecond precision)
FLOAT Converts to number of picoseconds
STRING Converts to h-m-s format (nanosecond precision)
TIME New in v2.0: Converts to HH:MM:SS.SSSSSS, the time equivalent to the interval after midnight (microsecond precision)

See Also

Data Types


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